On the Ball (Sending)

- Torso rotates backwards

- Arms accomodate balance

- Racquet comes back

Off the Ball (Receiving & Retaining)

- Respond to opponent's shot

- Torso rotates backwards

- Arms acoomodate balance

- Racquent comes back

- Make decision of where you need to send the ball in space

Before the coach can observe and analyse a skill they should first identify the purpose of the skill. Understanding the purpose of the skill is important as it helps the coach know what parts of the skill to focus on.

Most skills can be divided into three phases:

1. The preparatory phase
2. The execution phase
3. The follow-through phase

The Preparatory Phase

The preparatory phase involves movements that get the player ready for the force-producing movements in the execution phase. For example, the base of support.

The Execution Phase (including Wind-up and Force Phase)

The execution phase can be divided into two parts:

• The force-producing movements the players make to produce force for the impact or propulsion, for example, the swing of the racquet
• The "critical instant" is the point of contact (or the release) of the movement, for example, the moment of contact in a swing. This is the point that determines the effectiveness of the skill.

Successful execution requires the player to apply the correct amount of force, in the correct direction and with precise timing. It is often difficult for the coach to observe and assess the movement within this phase, as the movement takes place very quickly.

The Follow-Through Phase

The follow-through refers to the body movements occurring after the execution phase. This phase is where the movement slows down after impact and the player prepares for the next action. For example, where to positiong yourself after the shot. The follow-through is important in slowing the body parts down over a longer period of time, absorbing the forces produced and helping to prevent injuries. Coaches should be aware that all three of these movement phases are equally important to a successful skill performance. For example, close observation of the preparatory or follow-through phase will often provide the coach with excellent clues about the effectiveness of the execution phase and the cause of a poor performance.